The fascination of bakery products along bakery industries are growing day by day because of their rich nutritional properties and feasibility of their use in feeding programmes and other natural calamities such as floods, earthquakes etc. Among the world of baking, Biscuit is the most multifaceted bakery product in the food industry acquiring a noticeable position due to its longer shelf life, crispy texture & easy to carry rich & nutritious snack.
HISTORY OF BISCUIT INDUSTRY.
According to the tradition, the creation of biscuit can be traced back to classical civilizations, where simple flatbreads were baked as a means of nourishment. Though, it wasn’t until the middle Ages that the idea of biscuits inculcate, incorporating sweeteners and spices. These initial biscuits were often wholesome and hard, making them well-suited for long journeys. The Indian biscuit industry flourished in the world of baking industry by the end of 20th century. Currently, Indian biscuit industry is known as the largest among all the food industry having a turnover of 3000 Crores. India is the 2nd largest producer manufacturer of biscuits followed by USA.
KEY STEPS INVOLVED IN BISCUIT MANUFACUTING PROCESS
Biscuit manufacturing process generally consists of several key steps which are Selection of Raw Material (i.e. Whole purpose flour/ Multigrain flour/Wheat Flour etc.), proper mixing, shape forming, baking and packing the final products i.e. Biscuit. In this process the major ingredients are Fats, Flours, Salt & sugar as per the desired end products. Mixing stages could be one stage mixing or two stage mixing or three stage mixing. While baking a biscuits the perfect combination of Time- Temperature of oven play a crucial role a final texture of biscuits depends on these parameters.
BISCUIT PROCESSING PLANT SET-UP
In baking World, Biscuit making could indeed a commercially successful business and it can also start with a small plant set-up. One can start this business with small amount of capital. Before setting up the processing line of biscuit manufacturing, we need to explore the market size of biscuits & study the strategic plans such as how to sell, what is targeted population etc. After that, we need to procure the required machineries such as oven, dough mixer followed by Legal registrations & Food license. We also need to be taken care of of utilities such as water, electricity etc. while set-up the processing plant of biscuit.
FOOD LICENSE & LEGAL REGULATIONS SUCH AS FSSAI, FDA, GMP, HACCP.
Food safety Laws & legislation is very terms in bakery industry. It apply to all manufacturers & consumers globally. Basically, these regulations provides the regulatory framework to the entire food industry including bakery & confectionaries items and guarantee the quality & food safety , prevent food fraud & protect the consumers along with brand reputations. These legal regulations consists of various food standards such as Food Safety Standard of India (FSSAI), Food & Drugs Regulations (FDA), Good manufacturing Practices (GMP), & Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) etc.
FSSAI: – It offers various certifications schemes just to ensure that the Product complies with all safety standards.
FDA: – It offers the schemes for protecting the public’s health by assuring the food safety, health safety & its efficacy.
GMP & HACCP: – These regulation plays a crucial role in bakery industry. GMP standards validate & verify the all hygiene conditions with respect to bakery items, processing area & related equipment. Whereas HACCP validate & remove the all possible hazards which are associated with bakery products & processing.
CONCLUSION
Biscuits are globally used for their nutritional values & having a long shelf life. India majorly contributes globally, in the process production of biscuits. We have also came across that the ingredients used for making biscuits play a vital role in the texture & colour of biscuits. Processing line of biscuits may be fully automatic or Semi-automatic as per the requirements. Apart from that, Food laws & regulations ensures the food safety & quality standards in order to maintain the brand reputation globally & protecting consumers’ health. Biscuit industry has significant benchmark on global platform.
